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Below is the useful information about becoming a Canadian citizen. Read this page to decide if you are ready to take this step.

To become a Canadian citizen you must:


be 18 years of age or older;

be a permanent resident of Canada;

have lived in Canada for at least three of the four years before applying;

be able to communicate in either English or French;

know about Canada;

know about the rights and responsibilities of citizenship;
Please note that time spent in Canada before becoming a permanent resident may be counted towards becoming a Canadian citizen. A child (under 18 years of age) must be a permanent resident of Canada to apply for Canadian citizenship.

You cannot become a Canadian citizen if:

you are or were in prison, on parole or on probation in the past four years.

you were convicted of an indictable crime in the past three years; or

you have been charged with a crime -- an indictable offence;

you are under a deportation order and are not allowed to be in Canada now;

you are now charged with an offence under the Citizenship Act;

you are under investigation for a war crime or a crime against humanity; or

your Canadian citizenship has been taken away (revoked) in the past five years.
The above list, however, is not intended to include all prohibitions -- things which could stop you from becoming a Canadian citizen. The application form has important information on it about "prohibitions." It is important you read this information before you fill in the form.

Applying for children:

Children do not need to have lived in Canada for three years. If you are the parent of a child who is under 18 years of age, you may apply for your child as soon as the child receives permanent resident status. To apply for your child, you must already be a Canadian citizen or be applying to become a citizen. Children do not write the citizenship test.

Could I be a Canadian citizen and not know it?

In general, if you were born in Canada you are a Canadian citizen. You are also a Canadian if you were born in another country after 15 February 1977 and one of your parents was a Canadian citizen before your birth.

You may be a Canadian if you were born in another country before 15 February 1977 and one of your parents was a Canadian citizen at the time of your birth

You must have lived here for at least three years

You must have lived in Canada for at least three years out of the four years right before the day you apply. For example, if you are applying for citizenship on 1 June 1997, we will count back to 1 June 1993. The time you spent in Canada BEFORE you became a resident will be counted as half time only if it happened within these four years. All the time you lived in Canada after you became a permanent resident counts as full time

You must know English or French

English and French are the official languages of Canada. You must know enough of either language so that you can understand other people and they can understand you. This means you need to be able to speak and understand spoken English or French or be able to read and write in simple English or French.

You must learn about Canada

You must know about the rights and responsibilities that Canadians have, such as the right to vote. You must also know some things about Canada's history and geography, and about our political system.

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